Golang go test
源码地址：https://github.com/panyingyun/ducktest
官方参考：https://blog.golang.org/cover
Goang之go test
go test 包括代码单元测试、性能测试、用例测试、覆盖率、性能分析等5个方面的全面测试框架
usage: go test [build/test flags] [packages] [build/test flags & test binary flags]
1. 单元测试
参考 雨痕 《Go 学习笔记 第四版.pdf》
参数 说明
-c 仅编译，不执行测试
-v 显示所有测试函数的执行细节
-run regex 执行指定的测试函数（通过正则表达式匹配）
-parallel n 并发执行测试函数（默认：GOMAXPROCS）
-timeout t 单个测试超时时间。（-timeout 2m30s）
#go test
PASS
ok github.com/panyingyun/ducktest 0.434s
#
#go test -v
=== RUN TestSum
--- PASS: TestSum (0.00s)
=== RUN TestMul
--- PASS: TestMul (0.00s)
PASS
ok github.com/panyingyun/ducktest 0.323s
#go test -v -run TestSum
=== RUN TestSum
--- PASS: TestSum (0.00s)
PASS
ok github.com/panyingyun/ducktest 0.342s
#go test -v -timeout 3s
=== RUN TestSum
--- PASS: TestSum (0.00s)
=== RUN TestMul
--- PASS: TestMul (0.00s)
PASS
ok github.com/panyingyun/ducktest 0.197s
2. Benchmark
参数
-bench regex 执行指定的性能测试函数（通过正则表达式匹配）
-benchmen 输出内存统计信息
-benchtime -t 设置每个性能测试运行时间 -benchtime 1m20s
-cpu 设置并发测试。默认 GOMAXPROCS -cpu 1,2,4,8
#go test -v -bench .
=== RUN TestSum
--- PASS: TestSum (0.00s)
=== RUN TestMul
--- PASS: TestMul (0.00s)
BenchmarkSum-8 2000000000 0.28 ns/op
BenchmarkMul-8 2000000000 0.27 ns/op
PASS
ok github.com/panyingyun/ducktest 1.481s
#go test -v -bench . -benchmem -cpu 1,2,4,8 -benchtime 30s
=== RUN TestSum
--- PASS: TestSum (0.00s)
=== RUN TestMul
--- PASS: TestMul (0.00s)
=== RUN TestSum
--- PASS: TestSum (0.00s)
=== RUN TestMul
--- PASS: TestMul (0.00s)
=== RUN TestSum
--- PASS: TestSum (0.00s)
=== RUN TestMul
--- PASS: TestMul (0.00s)
=== RUN TestSum
--- PASS: TestSum (0.00s)
=== RUN TestMul
--- PASS: TestMul (0.00s)
BenchmarkSum 2000000000 0.27 ns/op 0 B/op 0 allocs/op
BenchmarkSum-2 2000000000 0.27 ns/op 0 B/op 0 allocs/op
BenchmarkSum-4 2000000000 0.27 ns/op 0 B/op 0 allocs/op
BenchmarkSum-8 2000000000 0.27 ns/op 0 B/op 0 allocs/op
BenchmarkMul 2000000000 0.27 ns/op 0 B/op 0 allocs/op
BenchmarkMul-2 2000000000 0.27 ns/op 0 B/op 0 allocs/op
BenchmarkMul-4 2000000000 0.27 ns/op 0 B/op 0 allocs/op
BenchmarkMul-8 2000000000 0.27 ns/op 0 B/op 0 allocs/op
PASS
ok github.com/panyingyun/ducktest 4.810s
3. Example
#go test -v
=== RUN TestSum
--- PASS: TestSum (0.00s)
=== RUN TestMul
--- PASS: TestMul (0.00s)
=== RUN ExampleSum
--- PASS: ExampleSum (0.00s)
=== RUN ExampleMul
--- PASS: ExampleMul (0.00s)
PASS
ok github.com/panyingyun/ducktest 0.196s
Example 代码可输出到文档
4.Cover
参数
-cover 允许覆盖分析
-covermode 代码分析模式。（set: 是否执行; count:执行次数; atomic:次数，并发支持)
-coverprofile 输出结果文件。
//输出测试覆盖比例和覆盖测试文件
#go test -cover -coverprofile=cover.out -covermode=count
PASS
coverage: 50.0% of statements
ok github.com/panyingyun/ducktest 0.132s
//覆盖测试结果
分析
#go tool cover -func=cover.out
github.com\panyingyun\ducktest\duck.go:7: sum 100.0%
github.com\panyingyun\ducktest\duck.go:11: mul 100.0%
github.com\panyingyun\ducktest\duck.go:15: main 0.0%
total: (statements) 50.0%
//浏览器显示
#go tool cover -html=cover.out
PProf
监控程序执行，找出性能瓶颈，以encoding/json包为例子
//产生文件 cpu.out mem.out json.test.exe
#go test -v -test.bench . -cpuprofile cpu.out -memprofile mem.out encoding/json
=== RUN TestMarshal
--- PASS: TestMarshal (0.00s)
=== RUN TestMarshalBadUTF8
--- PASS: TestMarshalBadUTF8 (0.00s)
=== RUN TestMarshalNumberZeroVal
--- PASS: TestMarshalNumberZeroVal (0.00s)
=== RUN TestMarshalEmbeds
--- PASS: TestMarshalEmbeds (0.00s)
=== RUN TestUnmarshal
--- PASS: TestUnmarshal (0.00s)
=== RUN TestUnmarshalMarshal
--- PASS: TestUnmarshalMarshal (0.30s)
=== RUN TestNumberAccessors
--- PASS: TestNumberAccessors (0.00s)
=== RUN TestLargeByteSlice
--- PASS: TestLargeByteSlice (0.00s)
=== RUN TestUnmarshalInterface
--- PASS: TestUnmarshalInterface (0.00s)
=== RUN TestUnmarshalPtrPtr
--- PASS: TestUnmarshalPtrPtr (0.00s)
=== RUN TestEscape
--- PASS: TestEscape (0.00s)
=== RUN TestErrorMessageFromMisusedString
--- PASS: TestErrorMessageFromMisusedString (0.00s)
=== RUN TestRefUnmarshal
--- PASS: TestRefUnmarshal (0.00s)
=== RUN TestEmptyString
--- PASS: TestEmptyString (0.00s)
=== RUN TestNullString
--- PASS: TestNullString (0.00s)
=== RUN TestInterfaceSet
--- PASS: TestInterfaceSet (0.00s)
=== RUN TestUnmarshalNulls
--- PASS: TestUnmarshalNulls (0.00s)
=== RUN TestStringKind
--- PASS: TestStringKind (0.00s)
=== RUN TestByteKind
--- PASS: TestByteKind (0.00s)
=== RUN TestSliceOfCustomByte
--- PASS: TestSliceOfCustomByte (0.00s)
=== RUN TestUnmarshalTypeError
--- PASS: TestUnmarshalTypeError (0.00s)
=== RUN TestUnmarshalSyntax
--- PASS: TestUnmarshalSyntax (0.00s)
=== RUN TestUnmarshalUnexported
--- PASS: TestUnmarshalUnexported (0.00s)
=== RUN TestUnmarshalJSONLiteralError
--- PASS: TestUnmarshalJSONLiteralError (0.00s)
=== RUN TestSkipArrayObjects
--- PASS: TestSkipArrayObjects (0.00s)
=== RUN TestPrefilled
--- PASS: TestPrefilled (0.00s)
=== RUN TestInvalidUnmarshal
--- PASS: TestInvalidUnmarshal (0.00s)
=== RUN TestInvalidUnmarshalText
--- PASS: TestInvalidUnmarshalText (0.00s)
=== RUN TestInvalidStringOption
--- PASS: TestInvalidStringOption (0.00s)
=== RUN TestOmitEmpty
--- PASS: TestOmitEmpty (0.00s)
=== RUN TestStringTag
--- PASS: TestStringTag (0.00s)
=== RUN TestEncodeRenamedByteSlice
--- PASS: TestEncodeRenamedByteSlice (0.00s)
=== RUN TestUnsupportedValues
--- PASS: TestUnsupportedValues (0.00s)
=== RUN TestRefValMarshal
--- PASS: TestRefValMarshal (0.00s)
=== RUN TestMarshalerEscaping
--- PASS: TestMarshalerEscaping (0.00s)
=== RUN TestAnonymousNonstruct
--- PASS: TestAnonymousNonstruct (0.00s)
=== RUN TestEmbeddedBug
--- PASS: TestEmbeddedBug (0.00s)
=== RUN TestTaggedFieldDominates
--- PASS: TestTaggedFieldDominates (0.00s)
=== RUN TestDuplicatedFieldDisappears
--- PASS: TestDuplicatedFieldDisappears (0.00s)
=== RUN TestStringBytes
--- PASS: TestStringBytes (0.10s)
=== RUN TestIssue6458
--- PASS: TestIssue6458 (0.00s)
=== RUN TestIssue10281
--- PASS: TestIssue10281 (0.00s)
=== RUN TestHTMLEscape
--- PASS: TestHTMLEscape (0.00s)
=== RUN TestEncodePointerString
--- PASS: TestEncodePointerString (0.00s)
=== RUN TestEncodeString
--- PASS: TestEncodeString (0.00s)
=== RUN TestEncodeBytekind
--- PASS: TestEncodeBytekind (0.00s)
=== RUN TestTextMarshalerMapKeysAreSorted
--- PASS: TestTextMarshalerMapKeysAreSorted (0.00s)
=== RUN TestFold
--- PASS: TestFold (0.00s)
=== RUN TestFoldAgainstUnicode
--- PASS: TestFoldAgainstUnicode (0.00s)
=== RUN TestNumberIsValid
--- PASS: TestNumberIsValid (0.00s)
=== RUN TestCompact
--- PASS: TestCompact (0.00s)
=== RUN TestCompactSeparators
--- PASS: TestCompactSeparators (0.00s)
=== RUN TestIndent
--- PASS: TestIndent (0.00s)
=== RUN TestCompactBig
--- PASS: TestCompactBig (0.20s)
=== RUN TestIndentBig
--- PASS: TestIndentBig (0.44s)
=== RUN TestIndentErrors
--- PASS: TestIndentErrors (0.00s)
=== RUN TestNextValueBig
--- PASS: TestNextValueBig (0.17s)
=== RUN TestEncoder
--- PASS: TestEncoder (0.00s)
=== RUN TestEncoderIndent
--- PASS: TestEncoderIndent (0.00s)
=== RUN TestEncoderSetEscapeHTML
--- PASS: TestEncoderSetEscapeHTML (0.00s)
=== RUN TestDecoder
--- PASS: TestDecoder (0.00s)
=== RUN TestDecoderBuffered
--- PASS: TestDecoderBuffered (0.00s)
=== RUN TestRawMessage
--- PASS: TestRawMessage (0.00s)
=== RUN TestNullRawMessage
--- PASS: TestNullRawMessage (0.00s)
=== RUN TestBlocking
--- PASS: TestBlocking (0.00s)
=== RUN TestDecodeInStream
--- PASS: TestDecodeInStream (0.00s)
=== RUN TestHTTPDecoding
--- PASS: TestHTTPDecoding (0.00s)
=== RUN TestStructTagObjectKey
--- PASS: TestStructTagObjectKey (0.00s)
=== RUN TestTagParsing
--- PASS: TestTagParsing (0.00s)
=== RUN ExampleMarshal
--- PASS: ExampleMarshal (0.00s)
=== RUN ExampleUnmarshal
--- PASS: ExampleUnmarshal (0.00s)
=== RUN ExampleDecoder
--- PASS: ExampleDecoder (0.00s)
=== RUN ExampleDecoder_Token
--- PASS: ExampleDecoder_Token (0.00s)
=== RUN ExampleDecoder_Decode_stream
--- PASS: ExampleDecoder_Decode_stream (0.00s)
=== RUN ExampleRawMessage
--- PASS: ExampleRawMessage (0.00s)
=== RUN ExampleIndent
--- PASS: ExampleIndent (0.00s)
BenchmarkCodeEncoder-8 100 14411441 ns/op 134.65 MB/s
BenchmarkCodeMarshal-8 100 16111611 ns/op 120.44 MB/s
BenchmarkCodeDecoder-8 30 43971063 ns/op 44.13 MB/s
BenchmarkDecoderStream-8 5000000 372 ns/op
BenchmarkCodeUnmarshal-8 30 44804480 ns/op 43.31 MB/s
BenchmarkCodeUnmarshalReuse-8 30 42670933 ns/op
BenchmarkUnmarshalString-8 3000000 469 ns/op
BenchmarkUnmarshalFloat64-8 3000000 426 ns/op
BenchmarkUnmarshalInt64-8 5000000 383 ns/op
BenchmarkIssue10335-8 3000000 549 ns/op 272 B/op 4 allocs/op
BenchmarkNumberIsValid-8 100000000 16.6 ns/op
BenchmarkNumberIsValidRegexp-8 2000000 625 ns/op
BenchmarkSkipValue-8 100 12701270 ns/op 157.50 MB/s
BenchmarkEncoderEncode-8 3000000 482 ns/op 8 B/op 1 allocs/op
PASS
ok encoding/json 26.536s
//交互模式分析结果
#go tool pprof json.test.exe mem.out
Entering interactive mode (type "help" for commands)
(pprof) top
6801.15kB of 6801.15kB total ( 100%)
Dropped 83 nodes (cum <= 34kB)
Showing top 10 nodes out of 30 (cum >= 2560.66kB)
flat flat% sum% cum cum%
4240.49kB 62.35% 62.35% 4240.49kB 62.35% bytes.makeSlice
1536.05kB 22.59% 84.93% 1536.05kB 22.59% encoding/json.(*decodeState).literalStore
512.56kB 7.54% 92.47% 512.56kB 7.54% reflect.unsafe_NewArray
512.04kB 7.53% 100% 512.04kB 7.53% reflect.unsafe_New
0 0% 100% 2086.21kB 30.67% bytes.(*Buffer).ReadFrom
0 0% 100% 2154.28kB 31.68% bytes.(*Buffer).WriteString
0 0% 100% 2154.28kB 31.68% bytes.(*Buffer).grow
0 0% 100% 2154.28kB 31.68% encoding/json.(*arrayEncoder).(encoding/json.encode)-fm
0 0% 100% 2154.28kB 31.68% encoding/json.(*arrayEncoder).encode
0 0% 100% 2560.66kB 37.65% encoding/json.(*decodeState).array
(pprof)
//文本输出结果和web输出结果
#go tool pprof -text json.test.exe mem.out
6801.15kB of 6801.15kB total ( 100%)
Dropped 83 nodes (cum <= 34kB)
flat flat% sum% cum cum%
4240.49kB 62.35% 62.35% 4240.49kB 62.35% bytes.makeSlice
1536.05kB 22.59% 84.93% 1536.05kB 22.59% encoding/json.(*decodeState).literalStore
512.56kB 7.54% 92.47% 512.56kB 7.54% reflect.unsafe_NewArray
512.04kB 7.53% 100% 512.04kB 7.53% reflect.unsafe_New
0 0% 100% 2086.21kB 30.67% bytes.(*Buffer).ReadFrom
0 0% 100% 2154.28kB 31.68% bytes.(*Buffer).WriteString
0 0% 100% 2154.28kB 31.68% bytes.(*Buffer).grow
0 0% 100% 2154.28kB 31.68% encoding/json.(*arrayEncoder).(encoding/json.encode)-fm
0 0% 100% 2154.28kB 31.68% encoding/json.(*arrayEncoder).encode
0 0% 100% 2560.66kB 37.65% encoding/json.(*decodeState).array
0 0% 100% 512.04kB 7.53% encoding/json.(*decodeState).indirect
0 0% 100% 1536.05kB 22.59% encoding/json.(*decodeState).literal
0 0% 100% 2560.66kB 37.65% encoding/json.(*decodeState).object
0 0% 100% 2560.66kB 37.65% encoding/json.(*decodeState).value
0 0% 100% 2154.28kB 31.68% encoding/json.(*encodeState).reflectValue
0 0% 100% 2154.28kB 31.68% encoding/json.(*encodeState).string
0 0% 100% 2154.28kB 31.68% encoding/json.(*mapEncoder).(encoding/json.encode)-fm
0 0% 100% 2154.28kB 31.68% encoding/json.(*mapEncoder).encode
0 0% 100% 2154.28kB 31.68% encoding/json.(*sliceEncoder).(encoding/json.encode)-fm
0 0% 100% 2154.28kB 31.68% encoding/json.(*sliceEncoder).encode
0 0% 100% 2086.21kB 30.67% encoding/json.BenchmarkCodeEncoder
0 0% 100% 2086.21kB 30.67% encoding/json.codeInit
0 0% 100% 2154.28kB 31.68% encoding/json.interfaceEncoder
0 0% 100% 2086.21kB 30.67% io/ioutil.ReadAll
0 0% 100% 2086.21kB 30.67% io/ioutil.readAll
0 0% 100% 512.56kB 7.54% reflect.MakeSlice
0 0% 100% 512.04kB 7.53% reflect.New
0 0% 100% 2086.21kB 30.67% runtime.goexit
0 0% 100% 2086.21kB 30.67% testing.(*B).run1.func1
0 0% 100% 2086.21kB 30.67% testing.(*B).runN
#go tool pprof -web json.test.exe mem.out
Cannot find dot, have you installed Graphviz?
提示需要按装 Graphviz 安装一下即可
另外 对于网络服务器还可以使用 net/http/pprof 实时查看 runtime profiling 信息。
package main
import (
"net/http"
_ "net/http/pprof"
"time"
)
func main() {
go http.ListenAndServe("localhost:6060", nil)
for {
time.Sleep(time.Second)
}
}